Psychology and behavioral science of goal setting

Agatha Christie Plotted Novels Eating Apples in the Bathtub

September 17, 2026

The story of how Agatha Christie plotted novels eating apples in the bathtub sounds like a quirky footnote, the kind of writer's habit you smile at and forget. But Christie herself treated it as a working method, not an eccentricity. In her autobiography she described sitting in a large, old-fashioned tub with a wooden rim, munching apples, and letting the machinery of a murder plot assemble itself in her head. She wrote more than sixty detective novels. The ritual was doing something.

Strip away the apples and the bathwater and you are left with a surprisingly deliberate structure: a fixed place, a repeated cue, a protected block of time, and a single narrow task. Those are not literary indulgences. They map almost point-for-point onto what behavioral science has since learned about how people actually make progress on hard, open-ended goals.

A ritual is really an implementation intention

The most useful way to understand Christie's bathtub is through the work of psychologist Peter Gollwitzer on what he called "implementation intentions." His research found that people who specify when, where, and how they will act on a goal are substantially more likely to follow through than people who merely hold the goal in mind. The format is an if-then plan: if it is this time and this place, then I do this specific thing. You can read his summary of the evidence in his paper "Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans" in American Psychologist.

Christie's tub was an if-then plan wearing a bathrobe. If I am in the bath with an apple, then I am plotting. She did not wait to feel inspired or to find the right mood. She bound the intention to a concrete situation, which is exactly the mechanism Gollwitzer showed transfers goals from the realm of good ideas into the realm of things that reliably happen.

The apples matter more than they seem, too. A physical, repeated sensory cue makes the trigger unmistakable. There is no ambiguity about whether the plotting session has begun. That clarity is the whole point of an implementation intention: the situation, not your willpower, decides that it is time to work.

The task was narrow, which is why it was doable

Notice what Christie did not do in the bathtub. She did not "write a novel." She plotted. She worked out the mechanics of who did it and how the detective would unravel it. That is one bounded piece of a very large goal.

This narrowing is consistent with decades of research by Edwin Locke and Gary Latham, whose goal-setting theory found that specific, appropriately difficult goals produce better performance than vague "do your best" intentions. Their overview, "Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation", synthesizes a large body of studies pointing the same direction. "Finish the book" is a vague, do-your-best goal. "Work out the sequence of clues for this chapter" is specific and finishable in a sitting.

A whole novel cannot be held in the mind or completed in an afternoon. A plot problem can. By assigning the bathtub one clear job, Christie converted an overwhelming ambition into a task with an edge you can see. That is the difference between a goal that generates motion and one that generates dread.

Why unfinished plots kept working in the background

There is a second reason the ritual paid off, and it has to do with what your mind does after you leave the tub. The psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik observed that people remember interrupted or unfinished tasks more readily than completed ones — the so-called Zeigarnik effect. An open loop stays active. It nags. It keeps a little processing power running in the background.

Christie deliberately left plots unfinished at the end of a session, carrying an unsolved problem out of the water with her. That open loop is a feature. A murder plot you have half-cracked does not switch off when you dry your hands; it keeps turning while you do other things, and often the missing piece arrives unbidden hours later. The daily ritual gave those loops a reliable place to open and, later, to close.

Small wins compounded into sixty-six novels

It is tempting to attribute a body of work that large to raw talent. But the more mundane explanation is that Christie kept the increments small and the cadence regular. Research by Teresa Amabile, drawing on thousands of daily diary entries from workers on creative projects, found that of all the things that lift people's inner work life, the single most powerful was making progress in meaningful work — even small progress. She calls it the progress principle, laid out in her Harvard Business Review piece "The Power of Small Wins".

One solved plot problem is a small win. On its own it is nearly invisible. Repeated across a career, small wins are how books get finished. Christie's ritual was a small-win generator: it produced a completable unit of progress on a schedule, and each completion made the next session easier to start.

What to actually copy from the bathtub

You do not need a claw-foot tub or a bowl of apples. What you need are the parts of the ritual that the research keeps validating:

  • A fixed trigger. Tie the work to a specific time and place so the situation, not your mood, starts the session.
  • A single narrow task. Not "work on the project." One finishable piece you could describe in a sentence.
  • A visible finish line. Know what "done for today" looks like before you begin, so you can actually feel the small win.
  • A daily rhythm. The point is not one heroic session. It is the same modest session, repeated, until the increments add up.

The genius of Christie's method is how ordinary it is underneath the anecdote. She was not waiting on inspiration. She had built a container that made showing up automatic and made progress measurable.

Building your own container

Most of us can design a ritual like that. The hard part is holding it in place day after day when no one is watching and the tub is just a tub. That is where an external structure helps: something outside your own head that opens the loop in the morning and asks you to close it at night.

That is the whole idea behind ClearBuilt. You set one clear goal. A morning email hands you today's narrow, finishable task — your version of the bathtub session. An evening email asks a single yes/no question: did you do it? No app, no dashboard, no feed to get lost in. For $9 a month it does exactly what Christie's apples-and-bathwater ritual did for her: it fixes the trigger, keeps the task small, and gives every day a visible finish line. The novels were never written in a burst. They were plotted one bath at a time.